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Ultrasound can be modulated to carry an audio signal (like radio signals are modulated). This is often used to carry messages underwater, in underwater...

ISO 31-3 is the part of international standard ISO 31 that defines names and symbols for quantities and units related to mechanics. It is superseded by...

Particle statistics is a particular description of multiple particles in statistical mechanics. A key prerequisite concept is that of a statistical ensemble...

The franklin (Fr), statcoulomb (statC), or electrostatic unit of charge (esu) is the unit of measurement for electrical charge used in the centimetre–gram–second...

Working mass, also referred to as reaction mass, is a mass against which a system operates in order to produce acceleration. In the case of a chemical...

In theoretical physics, a local reference frame (local frame) refers to a coordinate system or frame of reference that is only expected to function over...

A Cherenkov detector (pronunciation: /tʃɛrɛnˈkɔv/; Russian: Черенко́в) is a particle detector using the speed threshold for light production, the speed-dependent...

Charm (symbol C) is a flavour quantum number representing the difference between the number of charm quarks ( c ) and charm antiquarks ( c ) that are present...

In particle physics, wave mechanics, and optics, momentum transfer is the amount of momentum that one particle gives to another particle. It is also called...

Stereoscopic spectroscopy is a type of imaging spectroscopy that can extract a few spectral parameters over a complete image plane simultaneously. A stereoscopic...

In molecular kinetic theory in physics, a system's distribution function is a function of seven variables, f ( t , x , y , z , v x , v y , v z ) {\displaystyle...

In physics a conserved current is a current, j μ {\displaystyle j^{\mu }} , that satisfies the continuity equation ∂ μ j μ = 0 {\displaystyle \partial...

In physics, a one-loop Feynman diagram is a connected Feynman diagram with only one cycle (unicyclic). Such a diagram can be obtained from a connected...

Gauged supergravity is a supergravity theory in which some R-symmetry is gauged such that the gravitinos (superpartners of the graviton) are charged with...

"Risk" is a science fiction short story by American writer Isaac Asimov, first published in the May 1955 issue of Astounding Science Fiction, and reprinted...

"Lenny" is a science fiction short story by American writer Isaac Asimov, originally published in the January 1958 issue of Infinity Science Fiction, and...

In particle physics, the Wess–Zumino gauge is a particular choice of a gauge transformation in a gauge theory with supersymmetry. In this gauge, the supersymmetrized...

In theoretical physics, cutoff (AE: cutoff, BE: cut-off) is an arbitrary maximal or minimal value of energy, momentum, or length, used in order that objects...

In physics, the electromagnetic dual concept is based on the idea that, in the static case, electromagnetism has two separate facets: electric fields and...

In spectroscopy, hypsochromic shift (from Ancient Greek ὕψος (upsos) 'height', and χρῶμα (chrōma) 'color') is a change of spectral band position in the...